XALQARO VALYUT-KREDIT MUNOSABATLARI

MUNDARIJA

KIRISH................................................................................................... 5

1-                        BOB. VALYUTA MUNOSABATLARI.................... 7

1.1.                  Valyuta va valyuta munosabatlari tushunchasi, ulaming asosiy ishtirokchilari                        7

1.2.Oltinning xalqaro valyuta munosabatlaridagi ahamiyati............................................................................................................... 12

1.3.                  O’zbekiston Respublikasida valyuta munosabatlari va ulami tartibga soluvchi qonun- qoidalar................................................. 15

2-                        BOB. VALYUTA TTZTMT.................................... 20

2.1. Valyuta tizimi tushunchasi. Milliy valyuta tizimi va uning elementlari............................................................................................................... 20

2.2.                  Jahon va hududiy valyuta tizimlari va ulaming elementlari                        25

2.3.                  Jahon valyuta tizimining evolyutsiyasi, 1867 yil Parij valyuta tizimi   32

2.4.                  1922 yil Genuya va 1944 yil Bretton-Vuds valyuta tizimlari                        33

2.5.                  1976-1978 y.y. Yamayka valyuta tizimi va zamonaviy valyuta muammolari.............................................................................. 38

2.6.                  Yevropa valyuta tizimi: iqtisodiy va valyuta ittifoqlarini barpo etish muammolari                        46

3-                        BOB. VALYUTA KURSI......................................... 70

3.1.                  Valyuta kursi tushunchasi. Oltin-deviz standard sharoitida valyuta kursi    70

3.2.                  Valyuta kursining turiari................................................ 73

3.3.                  Valyuta kursiga ta'sir etuvchi omillar. Valyuta dempingi tushunchasi      85

3.4.                  Valyuta kursi o’zgarishining xalqaro iqtisodiy munosabatlarga ta'siri............................................................................. 87

4-                        BOB. VALYUTA BOZORI..................................... 99

4.1.                  Jahon moliyaviy markazlari va valyuta bozori tushunchasi                        99

4.2.                  Valyuta bozori tushunchasi, uning institutsional tarkibi va o’ziga xos xususiyatlari. 105

4.3.                  Valyuta bozorlarining turiari........................................ 118

4.4.                  Jahon valyuta bozorining kon'yunktura mexanizmi va unga ta'sir etuvchi omillar.... 120

5-                        BOB. VALYUTA OPERATSIYALAM................ 126

5.1.                  "Spot" operatsiyalari (kassa shartnomalari).................. 126

5.2.                  Muddatli valyuta operatsiyalari. Forvard operatsiyalari 136

5.3.                  F'yuchers operatsiyalari............................................... 154

5.4.                  Opsion shartnomalari................................................... 158

5.5.                  Svop shartnomalari...................................................... 164

5.6.                  Valyuta arbitraji........................................................... 165

6- BOB.                          VALYUTA            X A VF -X AT ARL ARI                                       VA ULARNI

SUG’URTALASH USULLARI......................................................... 171

6.1.                  Valyuta xavf-xatarlari tushunchasi.............................. 171

6.2.                  Valyuta xavf-xatarlarining paydo bo’lish shart-sharoitlari. Valyuta xavf-xatarlarining

turiari................................................................................................... 179

6.3.                  Valyuta tavakkalchiligi sug’urta qilinishining zarurati. 181

7-                        BOB. TO’LOV VA HISOB-KITOB BALANSLARI                           184

7.1.                  Xalqaro to’lov balansi tushunchasi va tarkibi.............. 184

7.2.                  To’lov balansining ko’rsatkichlari va uning moddalarini tasniflash usullari                        190

7.3.                  ToTov balansi sal'dosini o’lchash uslublari................. 200

7.4.                  ToTov balansiga ta'sir etuvchi omillar......................... 205

7.5.                  ToTov balansini muvofiqlashtirishning asosiy usullari 207

8- BOB.                             XALQARO VALYUTA MUNOSABATLARINI

MUVOFIQLASHTIRISH. VALYUTA SIYOSATI........................ 215

8.1.                  Valyuta munosabatlarini bozor va davlat tomonidan tartibga solinishi. Valyuta siyosati

va uning shakllari................................................................................. 215

8.2.                  Valyuta cheklovlari. Valyutani erkin almashuviga o’tishning jahon tajribasi                        226

9-BOB. XALQARO HISOB-KITOBLAR, ULARNING SHAKLLARI.

Ill MOYA SHARTLASHUVLARI................................................... 242

9.1.                  Xalqaro hisob-kitoblar haqida tushuncha. Tashqi iqtisodiy shartnomalardagi valyuta-

moliyaviy va to’lov shartlashuvlari...................................................... 242

9.2.                  Xalqaro hisob-kitob shakllari....................................... 248

9.3.                  Valyuta kliringlari....................................................... 261

10-BOB. XALQARO KREDIT MUNOSABATLARI..................... 270

10.1.                  Xalqaro kredit iqtisodiy kategoriya sifatida................ 270

10.2.                  Xalqaro kreditning shakllari....................................... 274

10.3.                  Xalqaro kreditning valyuta-moliyaviy va to’lov shartlari                          284

IZOHLI LUG'AT.............................................................................. 291

"XALQARO VALYUTA-KREDIT MUNOSABATLARI" FANIDAN

ADABIYOTLAR RO’YXATI         295